8 Basic Microservices Security Best Practices
- Build security into your design. Microservice security best practices go beyond deploying the right technology.
- Protect your data.
- Use API gateways.
- Implement rate limiting.
- Practice defense in depth.
- Isolate.
- Fix at the container level.
- Monitor everything.
28.09.2021
Which of the following are security standards for microservices?
Microservice Security Principles APIs must in turn be integrated, available, reliable and confidential. With a microservices architecture, there are four main areas with respect to the implementation of advanced security controls (design, implementation, deployment, and management implementation)
How do you ensure security in microservices?
Consider the strategy: how to protect microservices
- #1 Defense in Detail. One key strategy to employ is in-depth defense.
- #2 devsecops.
- #3 Isolation.
- #1 API gateway.
- User authentication and access control.
- #3 Scanning dependencies.
- #4 Application security testing tools.
- #5 Container security.
Which is a security challenge of a microservice architecture?
In many cases, microservices are based on container technology. The most obvious vulnerability of containers is that they are based on images that may contain vulnerabilities. Perform periodic scans to avoid using images that contain security vulnerabilities or other security issues.
Which is helpful for tackling security challenges in microservices?
APIs, as interface points between services, are an important attack vector for each microservice architecture. An API gateway can be used to improve security. The API Gateway serves as a single point of entry point that handles all external and internal requests.
What are the security techniques that can be used for spring boot microservices?
Using Spring Security and OAuth 2.0 to secure your Spring microservices architecture
- Microservices architecture using Spring Boot + Spring Cloud.
- Create a web application in Okta.
- Add Spring Security OAuth to your Edge Service application.
- Add Spring Security OAuth to your Beer Catalog Service.
What are the methods to perform security testing on microservices?
Application Security Testing See how our software can protect the worldwide web. DevSecOps Catch critical bugs. Ship more secure software faster. Penetration Testing Accelerate penetration testing – find more bugs, faster. Automated Scanning Scale Dynamic scanning.
How do you handle authentication in microservices?
To perform authentication based on entity context, information about end users needs to be received and communicated to downstream microservices. A simple way to accomplish this is to take the access token received at the edge and forward it to the individual microservices.
How do you implement authentication in microservices?
Four best practices for microservice authorization
- Decouple authorization logic and policy from the underlying microservice.
- Use sidecar enforcement for security, performance, and availability.
- Enforce JSON Web Token (JWT) validation.
- Use RBAC and ABAC to control end-user actions.
- Get up and running with permission.
What type of attacks are microservice APIs particularly susceptible to?
Due to the large number of APIs, ports, and components exposed, traditional firewalls may not provide adequate security. These issues make microservice deployments more vulnerable to a variety of cyber threats, including man-in-the-middle attacks, injection attacks, cross-site scripting, and DDoS.
Why is networking such a critical part of microservices security?
Why is the network a critical part of microservices security? Attackers are more likely to penetrate microservices applications than monolithic applications. Users may access applications to which they do not have permissions. Microservices will fail if they do not all share the same IP address.
Which of the following can improve the security of the Spring framework?
Enable CSRF protection. Use Content Security Policy for Spring Boot XSS protection. Use OpenID Connect for authentication. Use password hashing.
How do you secure microservices using JWT authentication gateway?
For authorization, the microservice must pass a JWT access token. It can then validate the JWT token, extract the user role from the claim, and grant/deny the request to the associated endpoint accordingly.
How do I secure API gateway in microservices?
Each consumer application needs a unique client ID, and based on the premise, APIs on the API Gateway should be secured using OAuth 2.0. When an application sends a request containing an access token to the API Gateway, the Gateway can introspect the access token.
What are the different types of architectural tests in microservices?
Types of microservice testing
- Unit testing. This type of testing helps verify the performance of each component (or unit) of the software.
- Contract testing.
- Integration testing.
- End-to-end testing.
- Select high-risk services.
- Use service virtualization.
- Test against service level agreements.
How would you implement SSO for microservice architecture?
Single Sign-On in Microservices Architecture
- Add Identity services and applications. Services with protected resources communicate with the Identity service to verify that credentials are valid.
- Use a web standard such as OpenID to allow each service to handle its own identity. 2.
How do you implement security in rest?
Best Practices for Securing the REST API
- 2.1. Keep it uncomplicated. Protect the API/system – how secure does it need to be?
- 2.2. Always use HTTPS.
- 2.3. Use password hashes.
- 2.4. do not expose information in URLs.
- 2.5. Consider OAuth.
- 2.6. Consider adding a timestamp to the request.
- 2.7. Validate input parameters.
How do I pass a JWT token from one microservice to another?
One approach you can try is by having a separate session/jwt service. Roles and responsibility of that service would be to store/validate and authenticate having following endpoints. 1. First hit to login-service > login service getting token from jwt-service > Return a jwt token to the UI/client.
What is JWT and how it works?
The JSON Web Token (JWT) is an open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact, self-contained method for securely transmitting information as JSON objects between parties. This information is digitally signed, so it can be verified and trusted.
How do I restrict one microservice from another?
It simply restricts access to microservice B at the network level. For example, if you are using Docker, this is easy to do. Instead of exposing the associated port of microservice B to the public, you would expose it on a specific network and then allow the microservice to join that network.
Are APIs a security risk?
As with any software, the API can be compromised and data stolen. APIs are vulnerable to attack because they act as pipes that reveal applications for third-party integration.
What is synchronous and asynchronous in microservices?
In synchronous communication, the sender sends a message and waits for the receiver to respond. This is appropriate for actions such as login or purchase where the caller needs to respond. In asynchronous communication, the caller skips the wait and continues to execute the necessary code.
How is JWT implemented in Microservices?
Add the jsonwebtoken package to the gateway and microservice. Using FusionAuth’s HMAC default signing key, create a signed JWT that the gateway passes to the microservice. Add roles to this JWT if users exist. These roles are used to determine authorization for this request.
How do I use JWT in Microservices spring boot?
JWT Authorization Procedure
- Step 1: The token issuer provides a signed and encrypted token to the user interface.
- Step 2: The user interface sends the token with the request to the service provider.
- Step 3: The service provider validates the token.
- Step 4: The service provider responds to the user interface.
How do you ensure security in spring?
10 Great Ways to Secure Your Spring Boot Application
- Use HTTPS in the production environment.
- Check dependencies with Snyk.
- Upgrade to the latest release.
- Enable CSRF protection.
- Use content security policies to prevent XSS attacks.
- Use OpenID Connect for authentication.
- Password management?
- Keep secrets safe.
Which security protection is used by Spring for all request of application?
To protect your MVC application, Spring adds a CSRF token to each generated view. This token must be sent to the server with every HTTP request that changes state (PATCH, POST, PUT, and DELETE, not GET). An attacker cannot retrieve this token from your page, thus protecting your application from CSRF attacks.
How you can secure communication between microservices with mutual authentication?
Mutual TLS (mTLS) protects communications between microservices within a service mesh. It uses cryptographically secure technology to mutually authenticate individual microservices and encrypt traffic between them.
Should you use JWT or session based authentication in the microservices environment?
JWT does not have the advantage of using “sessions” per se. JWT provides a means of maintaining session state on the client, not on the server. What people often mean when they ask this is, “What is the advantage of using JWT over using a server-side session?
What are the 3 C’s of microservices?
Once you are ready to start adopting a microservices architecture and associated development and deployment best practices, you need to follow the three C’s of microservices: componentization, collaboration, and connection.
What are the 12 factors of microservices?
Using a 12-factor approach to microservices
- Codebase. One code base, many deployments, tracked by revision control.
- Dependencies. Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies.
- Configuration. Save configuration to environment.
- Backing services.
- Build, release, and run.
- Processes.
- Port Binding.
- Concurrency.
Which API Gateway is best for microservices?
Why NGINX Plus is the perfect API gateway for both traditional apps and microservices
- NGINX and NGINX Plus are already the industry’s most popular API gateways.
- NGINX is also a pioneer in the development of microservice reference architectures.
Which high level Microservice architecture pattern is responsible for security?
#1 API Gateway One of the most vulnerable areas of the Microservices architectural pattern is the API. Building an API gateway is even more important when summarizing microservices security best practices.
What are the advantages of microservices architecture?
Microservices architecture allows cross-functional teams to independently develop, test, problem solve, deploy, and update services, leading to faster deployment and turnaround time troubleshooting.
Which tools can be used for logging in microservices architecture?
Microservice Architecture Logging Tutorial Several log aggregation and management tools, including Fluentd, Loggly, Rsyslog, and Logstash, can be leveraged to provide real-time insight into application performance.
What are the major challenges of microservices architecture?
Other Challenges of Microservices Increased granularity means more moving parts, which increases complexity. Traditional logging is ineffective because microservices are stateless, distributed, and independent. Logging must be able to correlate events across several platforms.
What can we do to avoid container problems in microservices?
Next, let’s take a closer look at how to develop secure applications when using microservices and containers.
- Create immutable containers.
- Deploy one microservice per host.
- Integrate automated security testing into your build or CI/CD process.
- Avoid using privileged containers.
- Run images only from trusted sources.
Which OAuth grant type is appropriate for microservices?
For mobile apps, see OAUTH 2.0 for native apps; use of AUTH code grants is recommended. It also details the implementation of common platform and security considerations.
What does STS stands for in microservices?
Microservice Security in Operation Step 2 – The order processing microservice passes the original JWT from the gateway (or upper-level STS) to the STS in the Foo Trust domain.
How does REST API handle security?
The REST API uses HTTP and supports Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption. TLS is a standard that keeps Internet connections private and checks that data sent between two systems (server to server or server to client) is encrypted and unaltered.
How JWT is validated in microservices?
The API Gateway passes through the JWT along with requests to downstream microservices. Each microservice can validate the incoming JWT, then create a new JWT signed by itself for downstream service calls and send it with the request.
Are microservice the same as RESTful services?
MICROSERVICES: individual services and functions – or building blocks – that form larger microservice-based applications. RESTFUL API: rules, routines, commands, and protocols (or glue) that integrate individual microservices into a single application.
What are the 3 parts of JWT?
Figure 1 illustrates that JWT is composed of three parts: header, payload, and signature. The header typically consists of two parts: the type of token that is the JWT and an algorithm such as HMAC SHA256 or RSA SHA256. The first part of the JWT is the base64url encoded to form the first part of the JWT.
Do microservices need their own database?
As explained above, each microservice must possess data that can be held in a dedicated database, in a dedicated schema (in the database), or in a dedicated set of tables (in the schema in the database). 7.1.1.1.